I’ve been requested many instances over the previous few years to do a evaluation of the Yuka app. It’s all the time attention-grabbing seeing apps that purport to assist individuals make higher decisions with their meals, as a result of inevitably these apps scale back these decisions to some arbitrary class of ‘good’ and ‘dangerous.’
How does Yuka decide if a meals is ‘good’ or ‘dangerous’? And what’s the profit or hurt of utilizing an app like this? Let’s get into it.
What’s the Yuka App?
The Yuka app was initially launched in France in 2017 and later launched in Canada and the US in 2022. In response to their web site, they’ve over 55 million customers.
The app permits customers to scan barcodes of meals and beauty merchandise and offers them a score of how “wholesome” or not they’re. For merchandise with a decrease rating, the app suggests another choice that they deem to be ‘higher’.
For this Yuka app evaluation, we’ll persist with the meals and diet aspect of the Yuka app.
While you scan a product, it offers you an general rating and score after which breaks down the optimistic and damaging attributes of a product primarily based on the Yuka app scoring system, which we are going to get to.
The app additionally classifies meals as “good” or “dangerous” primarily based on the general rating.
Yuka additionally prides itself on being impartial and never influenced by meals firms. There’s a premium, paid model of the app and that’s how they earn a living.
How does the Yuka app rating merchandise?
The Yuka app scores merchandise primarily based on three components: dietary high quality is 60% of the rating, the presence of components is 30%, and a product being natural or not is 10%. In response to the Yuka app’s web site, this 10% is a “bonus” that’s mechanically given to natural merchandise.
The scoring system for dietary high quality is predicated on a way adopted by a number of European nations known as Nutri-Rating. Nutri-Rating grades the dietary high quality of meals merchandise primarily based on power (energy), sugars, saturated fat, sodium, fibre, and protein and of fruit, greens, legumes and nuts. A front-of-package labeling system is then used, which breaks down meals into 5 classes primarily based on diet high quality. The system charges meals from ategory A to E, the place A signifies larger dietary high quality and E is decrease.
The classes are given a colour primarily based on a visitors mild, the place the upper classes are inexperienced, descending to yellow after which crimson, relying on the general rating.
There’s analysis on Nutri-Rating however as I’ve stated many instances, simply because analysis exists, doesn’t imply it’s good analysis. This examine discovered associations (not causations) that utilizing this method has advantages on well being and decreased mortality, however these findings have been weak general, and plenty of components comparable to genetics and environmental components weren’t considered. The examine used meals frequency questionnaires, that are notoriously inaccurate, to evaluate dietary patterns. They solely assessed diets at baseline, after which adopted up a number of years later. We all know that folks can change their consuming habits and life-style habits over time, so making conclusions primarily based on one survey at one cut-off date doesn’t inform us a lot.
I’ve written about easy methods to interpret diet analysis right here.
While you use the Yuka app to scan a meals merchandise, it offers you a numerical rating out of 100 and a score of both “wonderful,” “good”, “poor,” or “dangerous.” For instance, the goldfish crackers I scanned got a rating of seven/100 (dangerous) as a result of that they had components that Yuka says must be averted, and an excessive amount of sodium and energy in response to the app. A few of the optimistic attributes given have been that the crackers had 3g of protein, and have been low in saturated fats.
The pure peanut butter I scanned was given 69/100 (good), however misplaced factors for being too excessive in energy and saturated fats.
Categorizing meals as “good” or “dangerous” is a horrible observe. It might probably create guilt and disgrace round meals and consuming, and it’s fully arbitrary. There aren’t any good or dangerous meals. Any meals can match right into a various eating regimen, and meals ought to by no means be related to morality-based labels.
This kind of narrative doesn’t assist anybody be more healthy (particularly emotionally – and that issues simply as a lot as bodily well being), and it tends to create extra confusion round diet. Peanut butter has plenty of wholesome fat, nutritional vitamins and minerals. This isn’t the 80’s once we have been all avoiding fats.
I can’t even think about anybody giving peanut butter factors off for being excessive in energy – it’s a NUT BUTTER. It’s additionally full of diet (and low in saturated fats!). High quality of energy issues!
Labeling meals pretty much as good or dangerous also can create worry and nervousness round meals, and lead individuals to develop orthorexic sort habits the place they develop into overly centered on making wholesome decisions. That is horrible for our psychological well being and takes away from the truth that we don’t eat meals in isolation. It’s the totality of our diets that matter.
If you happen to’re consuming a eating regimen filled with complete and minimally processed meals, you shouldn’t must care concerning the ‘rating’ of your crackers or peanut butter or no matter.
The Yuka app ranks meals with larger quantities of saturated fat as “dangerous,” or a minimum of lowers their rating. Dairy merchandise are significantly affected by this score system as a result of they’re naturally larger in saturated fats. Tips for saturated fats consumption are to maintain it at lower than 10% of our complete calorie consumption. Once I scanned cheese, it obtained a low score as a result of it was too excessive in saturated fats and likewise misplaced factors for being too excessive in energy and sodium.
Meals comprise a wide range of vitamins, and whereas cheese might have extra saturated fats (in comparison with lower-fat milk or yogurt for instance), it’s a good supply of protein, calcium and different nutritional vitamins and minerals. Analysis additionally means that the saturated fats in dairy merchandise will not be a danger issue for irritation or coronary heart illness.
Lowering the rating due to one side is problematic, and letting that decide the general dietary worth of the meals, simply leads individuals to be confused about making wholesome decisions.
The calorie score system additionally appears a bit off to me. Cheese had 120 energy per serving and was deemed “a bit too caloric,” however 2% milk was thought-about “low energy” at 130 per cup. One meals could also be larger in energy than one other, however that meals may additionally be extra satiating. As soon as once more, this categorization can result in obsessive behaviours round meals and counting energy. Not wholesome.
Yuka app and components
Earlier than I say something, let me share that I discovered this a part of their score system to be fully ludicrous.
It instructed me that the monocalcium phosphate in Goldfish Crackers was “hazardous,” however the clarification they gave doesn’t show something. It solely states that getting an excessive amount of phosphorous can result in issues. An excessive amount of of something could be a dangerous factor, however in case you’re going to touch upon the risks of random components, it’s important to qualify these feedback with the precise quantity of this additive within the product, and the way a lot of the product you would need to ingest to trigger hurt.
Extremely, the app additionally categorized the monosodium glutamate (MSG) in my daughter’s Takis as ‘hazardous,’ when science constantly refutes that. The 14 research that Yuka cites to again up their claims should not convincing and seem like cherrypicked to go well with their narrative. Rodent research, cell research, outdated research, horribly achieved research, even a examine that discovered no opposed results of MSG on people.
Possibly Yuka thinks the common individual isn’t going to examine their citations, however I certain as heck am.
I reviewed the analysis round MSG. Learn my publish about whether or not MSG is secure, right here.
This whole factor can result in chemophobia round meals, making individuals suppose that what they’re consuming is poisonous. In actuality, all meals are completely secure. Meals components are effectively regulated in Canada and the US, and there are limits on how a lot can be utilized.
Ought to your eating regimen be comprised fully of Froot Loops? In fact not. However let’s strategy our diets with some nuance and science right here.
PS: Froot Loops obtained the next rating than Multigrain Cheerios and Goldfish crackers.
Natural meals and Yuka app
After the entire Yuka app ‘additive’ state of affairs, I’m unhappy to say that I’m not shocked within the least by what they are saying about natural meals.
The web site cites the well being advantages of an natural eating regimen and states that natural meals are larger in antioxidants. Yuka states that individuals who eat extra natural meals have a decreased danger of most cancers, diabetes, and of being chubby or overweight. They cite research to again up these claims, however these research solely present associations and never causation.
That’s as a result of there aren’t any direct hyperlinks between natural meals and improved markers of well being. None.
I’ve truly written concerning the examine they cited that exhibits that individuals who devour extra natural meals have a decrease danger of most cancers. There was a media frenzy when this examine got here out, however what they don’t say is that individuals who eat extra natural meals are inclined to have more healthy diets and life general in addition to higher entry to medical care, larger socioeconomic standing, and extra time for bodily exercise. These are all components that may influence illness danger excess of simply consuming natural meals over typical.
When the Yuka app suggests a “more healthy” different to a product, it’s normally an natural model that’s going to be costlier and this may lead individuals to really feel dangerous about their meals decisions, and we don’t want any extra of that going round.
Natural meals should not nutritionally superior to traditional meals. With costs of meals already being so excessive, most individuals can’t afford to eat natural meals. As a dietitian, I don’t suggest natural over typical, and I don’t purchase natural meals myself.
There are many natural meals which might be ultra-processed, comparable to cookies, crackers or frozen entrees. Whether or not natural or not, we must be consuming much less of those.
There’s completely no justification for Yuka to present an computerized 10% level bonus to natural meals, and this can be a lifeless giveaway that the app is mainly non-evidence primarily based rubbish.
Yuka app evaluation: can Yuka assist us make higher meals decisions?
In relation to processed or packaged snack meals that rating low on Yuka, the app will counsel “more healthy” options. The options could also be decrease in sodium or sugar, however are they actually going to be an acceptable different for the individual primarily based on their preferences, price range, and many others?
For instance, the Goldish cracker’s top-rated different was an natural, gluten-free cracker that in my view, tastes like loss of life and likewise prices way more. What number of children need Mary’s crackers? Severely, even I don’t need these issues. Will we must be guilting mother and father into shopping for costlier options when the unique is completely secure?
If the app suggests, for instance, selecting an natural cookie that’s made with natural sugar, it might have the next rating, however it isn’t a better option. Your physique goes to digest that sugar the identical approach as typical sugar, and scoring issues this manner is deceptive. Sugar is sugar, and natural sugar will not be more healthy.
Most of us know what meals are nutritious and that make us really feel good. Essentially the most nutritious meals don’t sometimes include a barcode that may be scanned, however not all the things we eat needs to be bodily nourishing. A nutritious diet has a wide range of meals….and no guilt hooked up.
Consuming extra complete meals and fewer ultra-processed ones is all the time very best, and we don’t want the app to inform us that.
The dearth of science on this app’s scoring system, plus the worry, disgrace, and nervousness it could possibly create round meals, outweigh any profit it might have.
I wouldn’t suggest the Yuka app to anybody.
